R install.packages() Function - Installing Packages
R Language ExamplesThe R install.packages() function is used to install R packages from CRAN or other mirror sources.
There are over 20,000 packages in the R ecosystem, and packages are the core of R's powerful functionality.
The syntax of the install.packages() function is as follows:
install.packages(pkgs, repos = getOption("repos"),
dependencies = NA)
Parameter description:
pkgsThe package name to install (character vector).
reposCRAN mirror source address.
dependenciesWhether to install dependency packages. TRUE means install all dependencies.
Example
# Installation of common packages (example, actually downloads from network)
# install.packages("ggplot2") # Install a single package
# install.packages(c("dplyr", "tidyr")) # Install multiple packages
# View currently installed packages
installed <- installed.packages()
print("First 5 installed packages:")
print(head(installed[, c("Package", "Version")], 5))
# View CRAN mirror
print("Current CRAN mirror:")
print(getOption("repos"))
# Set mirror (Tsinghua source recommended for Chinese users)
# options(repos = c(CRAN = "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/"))
# install.packages("ggplot2") # Install a single package
# install.packages(c("dplyr", "tidyr")) # Install multiple packages
# View currently installed packages
installed <- installed.packages()
print("First 5 installed packages:")
print(head(installed[, c("Package", "Version")], 5))
# View CRAN mirror
print("Current CRAN mirror:")
print(getOption("repos"))
# Set mirror (Tsinghua source recommended for Chinese users)
# options(repos = c(CRAN = "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/"))
Executing the above code outputs:
[1] "已安装包的前 5 个:"
Package Version
base "base" "4.3.0"
boot "boot" "1.3-28"
...
[1] "当前 CRAN 镜像:"
CRAN
"https://cran.rstudio.com/"
Other ExtensionsWhen using R to install packages in China, it is recommended to set the Tsinghua or USTC CRAN mirror to speed up downloads.