Linux ip command
Linux Command ReferenceLinux ip command withifconfigThe command is similar, but more powerful than the ifconfig command, and its main function is to display or set network devices.
The ip command is an enhanced network configuration tool for Linux, used to replace the ifconfig command.
Syntax
ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
OBJECT is a common object, and its value can be one of the following:
OBJECT={ link | addr | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel | maddr | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm | token }
The values and meanings of common objects are as follows:
- link: network device
- address: protocol (IP or IPv6) address on a device
- addrlabel: label configuration for protocol address selection
- route: routing table entry
- rule: rules in the routing policy database
OPTIONS are common options, and their values can be one of the following:
OPTIONS={ -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] | -h[uman-readable] | -iec | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } | -o[neline] | -t[imestamp] | -b[atch] [filename] | -rc[vbuf] [size] }
The values and meanings of common options are as follows:
- -V: display version information of the command;
- -s: output more detailed information;
- -f: force the use of the specified protocol family;
- -4: specify the network layer protocol as IPv4;
- -6: specify the network layer protocol as IPv6;
- -0: output each record on a single line, without wrapping even if the content is long;
- -r: when displaying hosts, use the host's domain name instead of the IP address.
-
help provides help information for this command.
Examples
ip link show # 显示网络接口信息 ip link set eth0 up # 开启网卡 ip link set eth0 down # 关闭网卡 ip link set eth0 promisc on # 开启网卡的混合模式 ip link set eth0 promisc offi # 关闭网卡的混个模式 ip link set eth0 txqueuelen 1200 # 设置网卡队列长度 ip link set eth0 mtu 1400 # 设置网卡最大传输单元 ip addr show # 显示网卡IP信息 ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # 设置eth0网卡IP地址192.168.0.1 ip addr del 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # 删除eth0网卡IP地址 ip route show # 显示系统路由 ip route add default via 192.168.1.254 # 设置系统默认路由 ip route list # 查看路由信息 ip route add 192.168.4.0/24 via 192.168.0.254 dev eth0 # 设置192.168.4.0网段的网关为192.168.0.254,数据走eth0接口 ip route add default via 192.168.0.254 dev eth0 # 设置默认网关为192.168.0.254 ip route del 192.168.4.0/24 # 删除192.168.4.0网段的网关 ip route del default # 删除默认路由 ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 # 删除路由
Use the ip command to display the running status of network devices:
[root@localhost ~]# ip link list 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffDisplay more detailed device information:
[root@localhost ~]# ip -s link list 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 5082831 56145 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 5082831 56145 0 0 0 0 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 3641655380 62027099 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 6155236 89160 0 0 0 0 3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 2562136822 488237847 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 3486617396 9691081 0 0 0 0Display the core routing table:
[root@localhost ~]# ip route list 112.124.12.0/22 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 112.124.15.130 10.160.0.0/20 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.160.7.81 192.168.0.0/16 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0 172.16.0.0/12 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0 10.0.0.0/8 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0 default via 112.124.15.247 dev eth1
Display the neighbor table:
[root@localhost ~]# ip neigh list 112.124.15.247 dev eth1 lladdr 00:00:0c:9f:f3:88 REACHABLE 10.160.15.247 dev eth0 lladdr 00:00:0c:9f:f2:c0 STALE
Get all network interfaces of the host:
ip link | grep -E '^[0-9]' | awk -F: '{print $2}'Other Extensions