Linux hdparm Command

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The Linux hdparm command is used to display and set hard disk parameters.

hdparm can detect, display, and set parameters for IDE or SCSI hard disks.

Syntax

hdparm [-CfghiIqtTvyYZ][-a <快取分区>][-A <0或1>][-c <I/O模式>][-d <0或1>][-k <0或1>][-K <0或1>][-m <分区数>][-n <0或1>][-p <PIO模式>][-P <分区数>][-r <0或1>][-S <时间>][-u <0或1>][-W <0或1>][-X <传输模式>][设备]

Parameter Description：

  • -a<cache partition> Set the number of partitions to pre-store in the block area when reading files. If the <cache partition> option is not added, display the current setting.
  • -A<0 or 1> Enable or disable the cache function when reading files.
  • -c<I/O mode> Set the IDE 32-bit I/O mode.
  • -C Detect the power management mode of the IDE hard disk.
  • -d<0 or 1> Set the DMA mode of the disk.
  • -f Write the data in the memory buffer to the hard disk and clear the buffer.
  • -g Display the hard disk's tracks, heads, sectors, and other parameters.
  • -h Display help.
  • -i Display the hardware specification information of the hard disk; this information is provided by the hard disk itself at boot time.
  • -I Directly read the hardware specification information provided by the hard disk.
  • -k<0 or 1> When resetting the hard disk, preserve the settings of the -dmu parameters.
  • -K<0 or 1> When resetting the hard disk, preserve the settings of the -APSWXZ parameters.
  • -m<sector count> Set the number of sectors for multi-sector access on the hard disk.
  • -n<0 or 1> Ignore errors that occur when writing to the hard disk.
  • -p<PIO mode> Set the PIO mode of the hard disk.
  • -P<sector count> Set the number of sectors for the hard disk's internal cache.
  • -q Do not display any information on the screen when executing subsequent parameters.
  • -r<0 or 1> Set the read/write mode of the hard disk.
  • -S<time> Set the waiting time before the hard disk enters power-saving mode.
  • -t Evaluate the read efficiency of the hard disk.
  • -T Evaluate the read efficiency of the hard disk cache.
  • -u<0 or 1> While the hard disk is being accessed, allow other interrupt requests to be executed simultaneously.
  • -v Display the related settings of the hard disk.
  • -W<0 or 1> Turn off/on the disk's write cache. Every disk has a read cache and a write cache. Sometimes turning off the disk's write cache is more efficient than turning it on, so of course we choose the former.
  • -X<transfer mode> Set the transfer mode of the hard disk.
  • -y Put the IDE hard disk into power-saving mode.
  • -Y Put the IDE hard disk into sleep mode.
  • -Z Disable the automatic power-saving function of certain Seagate hard disks.

Examples

Display the related settings of the hard disk:

# hdparm /dev/sda
 /dev/sda:
 IO_support = 0 (default 16-bit)
 readonly = 0 (off)
 readahead = 256 (on)
 geometry = 19929［柱面数］/255［磁头数］/63［扇区数］, sectors = 320173056［总扇区数］, start = 0［起始扇区数］

Display the hard disk's cylinders, heads, and sector count.

# hdparm -g /dev/sda
 /dev/sda:
 geometry = 19929［柱面数］/255［磁头数］/63［扇区数］, sectors = 320173056［总扇区数］, start = 0［起始扇区数］

Evaluate the read efficiency of the hard disk.

 hdparm -t /dev/sda
 /dev/sda:
 Timing buffered disk reads: 166 MB in 3.03 seconds = 54.85 MB/sec
 [root@linuxso.com ~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda
 /dev/sda:
 Timing buffered disk reads: 160 MB in 3.01 seconds = 53.11 MB/sec
 [root@linuxso.com ~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda
 /dev/sda:
 Timing buffered disk reads: 166 MB in 3.00 seconds = 55.31 MB/sec

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