Everyone has heard "You should learn C well," "Java is the first choice for web developers," and so on. These have almost become truths. So the question is: can no other language squeeze out these old-timers and make them no longer popular? Or will we still rely on constantly upgraded Objective C and PHP, or some lower-level languages ten years from now?

Fortunately, we already have many emerging languages with potential that are becoming mainstream. Some of them are derived from existing languages to fill the shortcomings of the source languages. Without a doubt, they will shake up the entire programming world.

Going further, the goal of these new languages is to improve development efficiency. They are very similar to the things mentioned in the article "Tools for Convenient Mobile Development," and in fact, their improvement to development efficiency is more than just that.

Here are four of them:

1. D Language

This fresh and hot language is being adopted by major companies, including Facebook.

Originally, D was designed as a redesign of C++, but it later developed distinctive characteristics. Or rather, some of its design inspirations come from Python, Java, Ruby, Eiffel, and C#.

D simply does what C++ cannot do.

It combines the features of dynamic and static languages, while also possessing high performance, safety, and powerful expressions. D programs are portable and can safely manage memory. In addition, it does not require preprocessing and supports Unicode well.

People will discuss D more and more, because it has powerful modeling capabilities and greatly promotes product development.

2、Dart

Dart has strong support from Google, which means it will develop very well. Dart is a language specifically designed for developing structured web applications, including a virtual machine, a series of libraries, and tools.

Dart, which has been developing for several years, is no longer non-mainstream. Because it has finally appeared on the list of the top 20 programming languages.

It can be said to be in a competitive relationship with Javascript, because Dart's mission is to do what Javascript can do, and do it better.

Writing programs or functions in Dart is easier. Moreover, its extensibility can adapt to various complex projects. In addition, its syntax is much shorter than JS, which further improves development efficiency.

Dart's object creation is easier to understand than Javascript. Dart's various features will sooner or later make it the best replacement for JS!

3、Ceylon

Ceylon's founder Gavin King is also the founder of Hibernate. He knows all the advantages and disadvantages of Java. So, if you ask who can create a language that surpasses Java, the answer must be Gavin King.

In fact, RedHat and he are already doing this. We have always hoped that there would be a language to replace Java. Now, RedHat, or more precisely, Gavin of RedHat, thinks Ceylon is just right.

At least Ceylon is moving in this direction. But it is not right to completely distinguish Ceylon from Java, because it runs on the JVM. The difference from Java is that its code is shorter and easier to read than Java's.

In addition, it will provide developers with advanced, complete development kits. Ceylon is highly anticipated, but whether it can complete its mission, only time will tell.

4、Scala

Is Scala better than Java? Why use Scala? Should I use Scala or Java? These are hot questions. They reflect that even if people are not using Scala, they are considering adopting it. Although it has been around for ten years and has always been considered a second-tier language, it actually contains huge potential.

Those who have used it say Scala is more concise, more efficient, and more function-oriented. It provides complete closures and collections, and supports both object-oriented and functional programming.

Conclusion

These languages have the potential to spark a programming revolution. But whether they can ultimately do so remains to be seen. Fortunately, many people have already gained confidence in these languages and decided to support them, which means we will soon see how things develop.

Source: http://www.techug.com/4-revolution-programming-language