Linux lspci Command

Linux Command Reference

What is the lspci Command

lspciIt is a utility command in Linux systems used to list information about all PCI devices. PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) is a computer bus standard used to connect the motherboard with various hardware devices.

With this command,lspcisystem administrators and developers can:

  • View all PCI devices installed in the system
  • Obtain detailed device information, including vendor ID, device ID, etc.
  • Diagnose hardware compatibility issues
  • Check whether drivers are loaded correctly

Basic Syntax

lspciThe basic syntax format of the command is as follows:

lspci [选项]

If no options are provided,lspciit will display a brief list of information for all PCI devices in the system.

Common Options

Display detailed information

Example

lspci -v      # Display detailed information (verbose)
lspci -vv     # Display more detailed information (very verbose)
lspci -vvv    # Display the most detailed information (very very verbose)

Query a specific device

Example

lspci -s <Bus>:<Device>.<Function>  # View information for a specific device

For example:

Example

lspci -s 00:02.0  # View the device on bus 00, device 02, function 0

Other common options

Example

lspci -n      # Display vendor and device IDs in numeric form
lspci -nn     # Display both numeric IDs and device names
lspci -k      # Display kernel driver module information
lspci -t      # Display the device hierarchy as a tree diagram
lspci -mm     # Output in machine-readable format
lspci -D      # Display the full domain name (including domain number)

Interpreting the Output

A typicallspcioutput is as follows:

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX Host bridge (rev 01)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX AGP bridge (rev 01)
00:07.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ISA (rev 08)
00:07.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)
00:07.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 USB (rev 01)
00:07.3 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 08)
00:0f.0 VGA compatible controller: VMware SVGA II Adapter
00:10.0 SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI (rev 01)
00:11.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)
00:12.0 Multimedia audio controller: Ensoniq ES1371/ES1373 / Creative Labs CT2518 (rev 02)

Output format description:

  • First part：00:00.0is the device address, formatted asBus:Device.Function
  • Second part: device type, such as "Host bridge", "VGA compatible controller", etc.
  • Third part: device vendor and specific model

Practical Application Examples

Example 1: View basic information of all PCI devices

Example

lspci

Example 2: View detailed information of the graphics card

Example

lspci -v | grep -i vga -A 12

Example 3: View USB controller and its driver information

Example

lspci -v -k | grep -i usb -A 3

Example 4: Display PCI devices in a tree structure

Example

lspci -t

Example output:

-[0000:00]-+-00.0
           +-01.0
           +-07.0
           +-07.1
           +-07.2
           +-07.3
           +-0f.0
           +-10.0
           +-11.0
           \-12.0

Common Problem Solutions

1. Command not found

If the system promptslspci: command not found, it means you need to install thepciutilspackage:

Example

# Debian/Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install pciutils

# CentOS/RHEL
sudo yum install pciutils

2. Insufficient permissions

When a normal user executeslspci, they may not be able to obtain complete information. You can usesudo：

Example

sudo lspci -v

3. Device recognition issues

If some devices are not recognized, you can try updating the PCI ID database:

Example

sudo update-pciids

Advanced Tips

1. Combine grep to filter specific devices

Example

lspci | grep -i ethernet  # Find network card
lspci | grep -i audio     # Find sound card

2. Export device information to a file

Example

lspci -vvv > pci_info.txt

3. View the complete configuration space of a device

Example

lspci -xxxx  # Display configuration space in hexadecimal

Summary

lspciis an important tool for diagnosing and viewing PCI device information in Linux systems. After reading this article, you should be able to:

  1. Understandlspcithe basic usage and common options of the command
  2. Interpretlspcithe output information of
  3. Uselspcito solve common hardware recognition problems
  4. Master some advanced usage tips

For system administrators and developers, being proficient in using thelspcicommand can help quickly locate hardware-related issues, and it is one of the important skills for Linux system maintenance.

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